Meningitis

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes (called meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis may be caused by many different viruses and bacteria, or by diseases that can cause inflammation of tissues of the body without infection occurring.

Symptoms

Symptoms of meningitis, which may appear suddenly, often include high fever, severe and persistent headache, stiff neck, nausea, and vomiting. Changes in behaviour such as confusion, sleepiness, and difficulty waking up are extremely important symptoms and may require emergency treatment.

In infants, symptoms of meningitis may include irritability or tiredness, poor feeding, and fever. Another very important sign of meningitis in children is a rash that can appear on any part of the body.

It is very important to contact your doctor immediately if you suspect your child may have meningitis.

Treatment

Antiviral medications may be prescribed for meningitis caused by viruses. Antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial infections. Anticonvulsants may be used to prevent or treat seizures. Corticosteroids are used to reduce brain swelling and inflammation. Sedatives may be needed for irritability or restlessness. Individuals with bacterial meningitis are usually hospitalized and treated with antibiotics intravenously.